How a simple dental infection spreads.

More than eight out of 10 cats and dogs over 2 years old suffer from periodontal disease, a condition in which bacteria attack the soft gum tissue and 2 out of 3 older cats may suffer from resorptive lesions (cavity) and pain. Many pets even with pain eats their food and owner's may not notice the pain and suffering their pets go through until the periodontal diasese advence to stage 4 level. Early intervention will reduce the cost of dental procedure and will also prevent pain and suffering, just like a human. 

As bacteria multiply on the tooth surface, they form a coating called plaque. The bacteria forming the plaque produce toxins, which irritate the gums. In time, the plaque mineralizes and hardens, becoming what is called calculus, or tartar. In response to the development of plaque and tartar, the gums become tender, red and swollen.
 
 With gums deteriorated this badly, bacteria have a clear path to bloodstream and vital organs. 
Eventually, the inflamed gums pull away from the teeth, creating pockets that trap food particles and provide an excellent location for more bacteria to grow. As these pockets deepen, the development of plaque and tartar can progress along the root of the tooth, causing the tooth to loosen. '
Once the gums have reached this state of deterioration, they bleed easily when the pet eats and chews. Bacteria from the plaque and tartar accumulation can enter the cat's bloodstream. 

This is where the danger lies. Once bacteria enter the bloodstream, they can travel to major organs and begin infection there. 

The organs with high blood flow are susceptible to such infections: the lungs, heart, heart valves, kidneys, liver and, in some cases, the nervous system. 

Since infected, inflamed gums allow bacteria to enter the bloodstream, veterinarians often prescribe an antibiotic with most dental procedures. The antibiotics treat the dental infection that may be present and offer protection against bacteria in the bloodstream.
 
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